Edulight Academy

FOOD PRODUCTION AND STORAGE WAYS OF IMPROVING CROP PRODUCTION Crop production involves the study and application of cultivating plants (crops) for purposes such as food, fiber, fuel, and additional uses . It encompasses a sequence of farming activities that consist of soil preparation, sowing, plant care, gathering, and preservation.  Factors Affecting Food Production       1. Climate.       2. Availability of Resources such as arable land, water, human labour and machines.       3. Farming knowledge and skills. Ways of improving crop yield/production 1.  Crop improvement methods. 2.  Use of manure and fertilizers. 3.  Pests control. 4.  Use of improved farming techniques. Causes of food wastage 1.  Poor storage facilities. 2.  Damages caused by pests and diseases. 3.  Inadequate transport facilities. Methods Of Preserving and storing food    ...

                                                              RELEVANCE OF BIOLOGY TO AGRICULTURE I. Plant Classification Using Agricultural Techniques Agricultural plant classification systems organize plants based on their utility, growing requirements, and management needs: Food Crops vs. Non-Food Crops Food Crops : Grains, vegetables, fruits, nuts Non-Food Crops : Fiber plants, ornamentals, medicinal plants Field Type Classification Field Crops : Grown on large scale (wheat, corn, soybeans) Horticultural Crops : Intensive management (vegetables, fruits) Plantation Crops : Perennial crops on large estates (tea, coffee, rubber) Water Requirements Drought-resistant : Need minimal water (sorghum, millet) Water-intensiv...

ADAPTATION IN LIVING ORGANISMS Adaptation is the process by which organisms develop features  or behaviors that enable them to survive and reproduce successfully in their environment. These adaptations can be structural (physical features), physiological (internal body functions), or behavioral (ways an organism acts). Organisms must adapt to their surroundings to cope with changes in climate, food availability, predators, and competition. Without adaptations, organisms may struggle to survive, leading to extinction. Types of adaptations: ·  Structural Adaptation   – Physical features of an organism that help it survive (e.g., the streamlined body of a fish). ·  Physiological Adaptation   – Internal body processes that enhance survival (e.g., the ability of camels to conserve water). ·  Behavioral Adaptation   – Actions taken by an organism to improve survival (e.g., migration of birds). 2. Effects of Availability of Water on Adaptive Modifications The...

 Learning Objectives 1. Structure and functions of male and female mammalian reproductive system. 2. difference between male and female repoductive organs  3. Structures of the gametes (sperms and ovum).  4. Fertilization of development of embryo and birth      Structure and Functions of Male and Female Mammalian Reproductive Systems      The reproductive systems of mammals are specialized to produce, store, and transport gametes  (sperm and egg), facilitate fertilization, and support the development of offspring. Male Reproductive System The male reproductive system is responsible for producing and delivering sperm for fertilization. It consists of the following structures: A. Primary Reproductive Organs (Gonads) – Testes The testes are the site of spermatogenesis (sperm production). Located in the scrotum , which keeps them at a temperature lower than body temperature, essential for sperm development. Leydig cells in the test...